Roadway, pavement, stairway, or the like and materials for the construction thereof



Feb. 19 1924. 1,484,011

1 M. M. DESSAU ROADWAY, PAVEMENT-,- sTAIRwAY, on THE LIKE AND MATERIALS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION THEREOF Filed oct. 29. 1925 Patented Feb. 19, 1924. y;

Prier..

MORLAND MICHOLL DESSAU, 0F LONDON, ENGLAND.

ROADWAY, PAVEMENT, STAIRWAY, OR THE LIKE AND MATERIALS FOB THE CON- STRUCTION THEREOF.

Application led ctober 29, 1923. Serial No. 871,560.l

Thereof, of which the following is a speciy fication. I

This invention relates to roadways, pavements, stairways and the like of the kind vin which the wearing surface consists wholly or partly of rubber in relatively small pieces, the rubber being embedded in concrete or the like before the latter set- The principal object of the invention is t0 provide an improved surface for use where such qualities as resistance to wear, reduction of noise, freedom from slipping and cheapness are preeminently desired.

According to my invention each piece of rubber, in order to make it a Self-contained unit, is provided, before being placedl in the concrete, with simple means for anchoring it therein, the said means consisting either in shaping the piece of rubber with a kind of waist by making its cross-sectional area at the top and bottoml greater than at an intermediate part, or in providing it with a piece of wire, or the like bound tightly around said intermediate part, thereby binding same and producing a cross sectie-nal area of greatcr'dimensions at both' top and bottoni than at an intermediate point and gradually increasing trom said point toward the top and bottom of the rubber piece or block.

Oni ot the advantages of the invention is that the inter-relationship between the rubber and the concrete or other binding agent is such as to render the latter. which is the brittle constituent. less liable to Jfracture and break away at the regions adjacent to the ubbcr` whether the surface be of a composite nature` that is to say, presenting rubber in alternation with the binding agent or one in which rubber alone is exposed to Wear. This is achieved by arranging that the edge of the binding agent adjacent to the rubber shall not'be vertical. on 'itvertical. .shall not extend continuously to sui-h u depth as to render the binding ugent liable to give way or crush under the load or trutiic nhich the surface is destined to carry. For example, when the rubber is distributed in the form of blocks the horizontal crosssectional dimensions of which are smaller at a distance from the wearing surface than at such'surface, the change may take place either gradually or in a stepped fashion. In this way the binding medium, which is complementary to the rubber, increases in crosssectional dimensions as the surfacel is receded from.

In connection with pavements consisting ot' bricks or 'wood blocks on a concrete foundation it has already been suggested that the sides and ends of the bricks or blocks should be hollowed out so that the concrete or other plastic material entering the hollows will form a dovetail or key to hold the blocks in position.

Various suggestions have been made for the construction of pavements wherein bloc-ks of rubber are secured to a concrete foundation by mouldin them to titanchoring members embedded in the concrete or t0 fit mating apertures formed in the concrete, or wherein sheets of rubber rovided with a plurality of projecting anchoring devices on the under side are pressed into a layer of conc-rete while the latterl is in a plastic condition; or wherein a tile comprises la body 'of india rubber and one or more plain metal or other 'Studs embedded at one end therein during moulding or integral studs adapted to be tapped into place in a cement or like foundation.

The invention will be more readily understood from the description now about to be given of the same with the aid of the accompanyingr drawings whereof Figs. l to 7 are sectional views ot' dierent modiications.

-according to one construction exemplified in Fig. l, blocks (zof rubber may be used having heads b the under surfaces of the overhanging portions oi which are inclined or bevelled somewhat as shown. In this case the binding agent c will similarly have a berclled or inclined wall so that an edge results which is better adapted to withstand damage due to )ressure or blows imparted to it. The anc orage is due. in the construction shown in this and the next four figures. to enlargement of the rubber mass at the base.

ln an analogous way. as exemplified in Figs. 2 und 3, the blocks of rubber may have square-edged everhanging portions d, which the rubber therein; or the rubber and bind i into effect.

hanging parts thereofl the intervening concrete therefore taking a form Which makes it better able to resist the stresses and shocks to which it is subject. The walls proceeding from the upper surface may however be in addition inclined or bevelled, as indicated in Fig. 4. v

Fig. 5 illustrates a modification in which the blocks a have stepped overhanging portions c.

The required surface may be produced by first applying the plastic binding agent to the body to be covered and then embedding ing agent may be fashioned into slabs or blocks, in conjunction with other material or not, and be laids like ordinary wood blocks or paving stones.

Where the blocks are small, rubber which has been used for other purpose land since discarded can be cut to shape and utilized, in which case the cost of manufacture may be considerably reduced.

The invention may be variously carried For example made rubber, after being cut or formed into blocks of a regular size or shape, may, as shown in Fig. 6, be thereafter tightly bound with a Wire f or Wires leaving twisted and projecting ends or portions gv which will serve to key the same in a mass of Portland cement for er-l ample. Conveniently the requisite number of pieces of rubber individually treated in this manner may be assembled in a formen into which liquid cement is subsequently poured and afterwards alloived to set, the former being for a time vibrated or the cement subjected to pressure to consolidate the whole if so desired. Also, as indicated in Fig. 7, i,f it. be intended to apply the surface to a Wood block z. for example. the latter, appropriately undercut` may be forced into the cement before the latter sets. As will be apparent. many modifications of this method maybe adopted, the rubber being for instance forcibly inserted through rings of metal adapted to serve as keys for holding the same securely in the binding agent, which similarly need not be Portland cement but any other medium of appropriate hardness when solidified,

lesson l.r A Wearing surface of the character described, consisting of self-contained units of rubber in relatively small )ieces embedded in a plastic binding agent efore the latter sets; the several units each having a cross sectional area greater at the top and bottom thereof than at an intermediate point, where -by said units. are permanently and i1nmovably' secured in spaced relation in the body of the binding agent when the latter Sets. 2. A wearing surface of the character described, consisting of rubber blocks ernbedded in concrete before the latter sets; the several blocks having each a cross sectional area which enlarges in horizontal dimensions from an intermediate point toward both the top and bottom thereof. and pieces of Wire bound tightly around the blocks at said intermediate 'points and serving to reduce their cross-sectional area at said points, whereby the blocks are firmly anchored in the concrete.

3. A. wearing surface of the character described, comprising relatively small pieces of rubber embedded in the concrete before the latter sets; said rubber pieces having a greater cross-sectional area at the base and top thereof than at an intermediate point and each provided With means for anchoring it in the concrete; said means consisting of a piece of Wire wound tightly around and binding the rubber piece at said inter mediate point and serving to produce the aforesaid greater cross-sectional area above and below said point.

4. A wearing surface of the character described, consisting of pieces of rubber embedded in a plast-ic binding agent before the latter sets, and having pieces of wire bound tightly therearound at a point between the top and bottom thereof and serving to reduce their cross-sectional area at said point.; the ends of the wires being twisted and projecting so as to serve to key the same in the concrete, whereby said rubber pieces are firmly anchored in the concrete.

5. A paving block consisting of a piece of rubber having a piece ot' wire secured thereto with end portions of the wire projecting therefrom and adapted to serve as .an anchoring means for securing the rubber in a solidified mass of concrete in which thel rubber is embedded before tlie^-.concrete sets. v

Signed at London, England, this 19th day of October, 1923.

MORLAND MICHOLL DESSAU. 

